My Okinawa Library

Yikes! I am so far behind with this feature! Bear with me - I have, however, recently finished reading B.C. Street, by E. A. Cooper. Terrific book and I was able to relate to just about everything he described. His piece is set in the 1960s and I didn't get to Okinawa, the first time, until 1972 but I remember just about everything he described. A really fun read.

Friends, I'm always looking for publications which offer
information about "pre-war" Okinawa. They're apparently
few and far between - in English language. If you know of
some - even one - please let me know! Thanks!

All of these titles are described below
WartimePre- and Post-War
Okinawa: The Last Battle (Appleman)OKINAWA: the History of an Island People (Kerr)
With the Old Breed At Peleliu and Okinawa (Sledge)Okinawa Dreams OK (Barrell & Tanaka)
Okinawa: Touchstone to Victory (Frank)Okinawa - Isle of Smiles (Jenkins)
The Girl With the White Flag (Higa)Okinawa - the Southern Gateway (Kishaba)
The Battle for Okinawa (Yahara)Women of the Sacred Groves (Sered)
From Pearl Harbor to Okinawa (Bliven)On the Threshold of the Closed Empire (Bollinger)
Killing Ground on Okinawa
The Battle for Sugar Loaf (Hallas)
The Okinawa Prefectural Museum
Thunder Gods (Naito)Gyokusendo-cave, Okinawa
The Reluctant Admiral (Agawa)Okinawa - Where is it? (All Souls Episcopal Church)
An Oral History of The Battle of Okinawa (Survivors)Okinawa by Road
The Okinawa War (Warner)Festivals of Okinawa (Hirai)
OKINAWA (Barker)Shapes of Okinawa (Hirai)
The Rising Sun (Toland)National Geographic - 10/45, 5/50
Okinawa in 1945 (Aoyama)Okinawa - A People and Their Gods (Robinson)
The Road to Tokyo (Keith Wheeler)Military Government in the Ryukyu Islands, 1945-1950 (Fisch)
From Pearl Harbor to Okinawa (Bliven)Circus Day on Okinawa (Hicks)
TENNOZAN The Battle of
Okinawa and the Atomic Bomb
(Feifer)
A Brief History of Early Okinawa
Based on The Omoro Sôshi
(Mitsugu Sakihara)
Okinawa 1945 - Final Assault on the Empire (Foster)The Ryukyu Islands (McCune)
Typhoon of Steel: the Battle for Okinawa (Belote & Belote)The Religion and Folklore of Okinawa (Kanhan Teruya)
The Ship That Would Not Die (F. Julian Becton)Tours of Okinawa
A Souvenir Guide to Places of Interest
(Gasei, Isamu & Zenkichi)
Okinawa's Tragedy
Sketches from the Last Battle of WWII (Randall)
Illustrated Festivals of Japan (JTB 1989)
Brave Ship Brave Men (Lott)Customs and Culture of Okinawa (Zabilka)
Intelligence Bulletin, Aug 1945 (War Department)The Yokota Officers Club (Bird)
Intelligence Bulletin, Sep 1945 (War Department) Okinawa: An Introduction (Ames)
Pacific War Diary (J. Fahey)Why ... to Okinawa? (Ross)
. . . (. . .)The Teahouse of the August Moon (Patrick)
. . . (. . .)A Pocket Guide to Okinawa (US Gov Prntg Off 1968)
. . . (. . .)Okinawa Cookery and Culture (Laulima)
. . . (. . .)Opened Up on Okinawa (M. Taviano)
. . . (. . .)Reader's Digest (November 1960)
. . . (. . .)Torment (Rathbone)
. . . (. . .)Okinawa in the News (A.P.Jenkins)
. . . (. . .)The Okinawan Mind in Proverbs (Shimaburuko)
. . . (. . .)An American Woman in Okinawa (B. T. Bull)
. . . (. . .)Yankees in the Land of the Gods (P. B. Wiley)
. . . (. . .)The Dream of Hatsue (unknown)
. . . (. . .)B. C. Street (E. A. Cooper)
. . . (. . .). . . (. . .)
. . . (. . .). . . (. . .)
. . . (. . .). . . (. . .)

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OKINAWA: the History of an Island People
Researched and written by George H. Kerr, I believe that this book is accepted as the text of authority with regard to the history of pre-war Okinawa.
I've read and re-read this book and have a much greater understanding of the people of the Ryukyu Islands - and I also have a much deeper regret for having not known this history while living among the Okinawans.

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"Okinawa The Last Battle"
by Roy E. Appleman, James M. Burns, Russell A. Gugeler and John Stevens.
In my opinion, this is the ultimate treatise - detailed description of the military events leading up to and play-by-play account of the Battle for Okinawa!
Well written and exquisitely authoritative. Loaded with photos, charts, tables, organizational charts, maps and detailed text.


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From Pearl Harbor to Okinawa
by Bruce Bliven, Jr.
A cursory, almost story-book rendering of the battle for Okinawa. My favorite feature of this book is the many simple maps of the various areas throughout the Pacific Theater of Operations.
In only 185 pages of relatively large print, this book treats the Pacific war from the morning of December 7th, 1941 to the signing of the surrender aboard the USS Missouri on September 2, 1945.
This is an excellent "starter" book for the novice historian or curious reader.


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The Okinawa War
by Gordon Warner
A very nice hardback monograph, chock full of photos, maps and manuscripts. Not quite as detailed as Okinawa - The Last Battle (by Appleman et al) but still a comprehensive text. If I could have only two books detailing the Battle for Okinawa (from an American's point of view) it would be this one and The Last Battle.
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OKINAWA
by A.J. Barker
Another hardback monograph replete with photos and drawings. Only one map and it's a small over-busy thing which doesn't lend itself well at all to "the big picture." The beginning Okinawaphile would have a difficult time visualizing the sequence of events and troop movements, etc without being able to grasp the geography of the island. Not a bad book - it complements the two previously reviewed volumes.
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With the Old Breed
At Peleliu and Okinawa
I can't do justice to this book by trying to explain it. It's written by E. B. "Sledgehammer" Sledge who was a ground-pounding Marine who lived and fought through the entire Battle for Okinawa.
It's not a history, per se, of the Okinawa operation but instead is a mesmerizing narrative about the events as they happened. Once read, there's no way that you'll not respect, appreciate and cry for those guys who went through the hell of the Battle for Okinawa.

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Okinawa: Touchstone to Victory
by Benis M. Frank
Here's another worthy military history accounting of the Battle for Okinawa.
In picture-book fashion and with a fair amount of text, this volume gives a nice overview of the operation. Not as detailed as Okinawa: the Last Battle (see above).

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The Road to Tokyo
by Keith Wheeler
A Time-Life book, in a series of World War II volumes, begins with description of the master plan for the invasion of the Japanese homeland and ends with Ushijima's savage retreat.
This volume covers the battles on Iwo Jima, the assault on Okinawa and the ordeal by Kamikaze. This is another volume chock-full of B&W photos and includes picture essays on numerous topics. Factual resource.

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Military Government in the Ryukyu Islands, 1945-1950
by Arnold G. Fisch, Jr.
From the Army Historical Series, Center of Military History, U.S. Army, Washington, DC - this volume is an authoritative account of the Army's military government efforts on Okinawa from the first stages of planning until the transition toward a civil administration began in December, 1950.
A fascinating history of how a small group of idealistic men with a limited, temporary mission saw their numbers and their role expand into a long-term commitment as American strategic considerations changed.
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The Battle for Okinawa
by Col. Hiromichi Yahara
The bloodiest battle of the Pacific War,
told by the senior staff officer of the Japanese 32nd
Army. He planned the defense of Okinawa and won the
support of his commanders. Ironically he was the only senior
Japanese officer to survive. He told his story in 1973
with the Japanese language book, Okinawa Kessen.
Now, available in English and with commentary by Frank
Gibney, an American intelligence officer on Okinawa who
interrogated the author after he was captured following
the halt in hostilities in 1945.

Read my Review at Amazon.com.
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The Rising Sun
The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire
by Gordon Warner

A wonderful, 2-volume, 1,150-page in-depth study of Japan from 1936-1945.
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From Pearl Harbor to Okinawa
by Bruce Bliven, Jr.
A cursory history of the Pacific War beginning December 7, 1941 at Pearl Harbor and ending September 2, 1945 with the signing of the Japanese surrender aboard the USS Missouri - all in 188 pages. Generous photography and maps throughout this handy little volume.
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Circus Day on Okinawa
Written & illustrated by Eleanor B. Hicks
This is a delightful children's story book about a day in the life of a typical, happy Okinawan boy and his sister who enjoy a not-so-typical day at the circus. Some interesting insights into family dynamics as perceived by the writer of this 1958 gem.


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Killing Ground on Okinawa
The Battle for Sugar Loaf Hill
by James H. Hallas

A gritty 200-plus page historical account of one of the most grizzly battles on Okinawa.
I like this book as much as "With the Old Breed" but it's not the same first-hand, blood, sweat and tears-type book. Still, this is a hell of a tribute to the 6th Marines!
[Thank you, Jim Hallas, for your kind criticism. Of course, your book is not an "historical novel" as I had said. I'm certain that there isn't a single fictional phrase in the entire book. I appreciate your having taken the time to set me straight. Mick]

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Thunder Gods
by Hatsuko Naito
The Kamikaze pilots tell their story in this book which is forewarded by James Michener. I never really appreciated what motivated those young pilots until I read this book. Oh, sure, we all know that they did it for their country and for their emperor, but what really drove these men, some even children, to give their lives in desperation?
I like this book!

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The Reluctant Admiral
Yamamoto and the Imperial Navy
by Hiroyuki Agawa

Not so much a book about Okinawa - instead this is a nice complement to Okinawa references. I understand the beliefs of the Japanese fighting man a bit better after having read this book. Doesn't mean I agree, but at least I have a greater appreciation for what prompted a lot of the Japanese actions and certainly have a greater understanding of how and why Okinawa got sucked into the war.
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Okinawa Dreams OK
Tony Barrell and Rick Tanaka
I learned of this book through an e-mail exchange with
Rick Tanaka and immediately ordered it. In fact, this was my
first purchase over the internet - was really worried about giving
up a card number!
Anyway, this is a great book - loaded with the
personal accounts and concerns from the Okinawans themselves as well
as some of the American military members who inhabit their land.
Not a book with a plot and not a history of "the war," you should
learn a lot about what makes people on this island tick.


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The Girl With the White Flag
by Tomiko Higa
See Cover Here
I got this book from barnesandnoble.com and couldn't put it down.
It's a book so revealing and so personal - what this little 7 year old
girl did to survive the ravages of the Battle for Okinawa leaves you
begging for more. If there is any fault at all with this book, it's
that it ever had to be written in the first place!
The world has a lot to learn from a little girl!
Not your typical "war story," Yomiko Higa takes us into some of the
finer detail of life on Okinawa - the way it used to be and clearly,
the way it will never be again.
Tomiko, then 6 years old, had to leave her home in Shuri. Her father
had imparted words that would come back to her time and again and
would lead her through the Valley of Death. Carrying what they could,
Tomiko, her two sisters and brother began their perilous journey:

"...I don't know how far we had walked, but we continued on, encouraging
one another as we became more and more tired until finally we saw a long,
low hill ahead.....We managed to make a... hollow just big enough to hold
(her brother) Nini's and my bottoms... we just sat close together.
I went to sleep with my head on Nini's shoulder. Nini put his arm
around my shoulder and covered us with a piece of cloth.
"...All the while, shells and machine gun bullets continued to fall about us...
"...It did not seem to me that we had slept for more than a few moments
when five or six soldiers appeared and shouted in loud voices, "Move off,
move off! There's going to be fighting here soon...
"I hurriedly tried to shake Nini awake, but he did not respond. He's
fast asleep, I thought, and saw that he was sleeping with his eyes wide open..."
Don't miss out on this story. And keep a box of Kleenex handy.
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An Oral History of The Battle of Okinawa
Survivors' Testimonies
A guide to Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum.
Here I have a short essay which includes 25 first-hand, first-person accounts of the horrors of the Battle for Okinawa. No one can read this book and not feel the anguish, the despair and the helplessness and hopelessness that the innocents of Okinawa endured. In fact, this reading revives in me the anger and resentment I have for those forces which dragged Okinawa into the war.

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Okinawa in 1945
compiled by Yoji Aoyama
A collection of drawings and photos, by American military newsmen, of Okinawa immediately following the close of military combat operations in 1945.
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OKinawa - Isle of Smiles
An Informal Photographic Study - 1951
by William E. Jenkins

Photographs and little text - a look at the islands shortly after the war years. I think it's neat that this is a 1951 publication for two reasons.
September 8th, 1951 was the signing of the final peace treaty with Japan. The next day, September 9th, yours truely came into the world! *grin*

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Okinawa - the Southern Gateway
by S. Kishaba
This is a handy little Guide for newcomers as well as a reference for the "old timers" to help find their way around the islands. Clearly the American military population is the readership target for this publication

I enjoy thumbing through this pocketbook from time to time. I would imagine that this is a publication that is updated from time to time. Mine is the Third Edition.
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Women of the Sacred Groves
Devine Priestesses of Okinawa
by Susan Sered

Not until having read this book did I understand and appreciate the extent to which women are the spiritual leaders of the Okinawans. I haven't finished reading this one yet - when I do I'll revisit this page to tell you my thoughts on it.
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On the Threshold of the Closed Empire
by Edward E. Bollinger
This is a book that fascinated me. It's essentially a treatise on the theological inroads made to the Ryukyu kingdom in the early days. We often hear or read of Commodore Perry who is credited with having opened Okinawa to the Western world. Perry indeed! The commodore was a relative late-comer to the island.
Bettelheim and Forcade were leaps and bounds ahead of Perry when it came to knowing the Ryukyuans and their culture and politics.
This is one of the rare finds which have allowed me access to the English-language writings about pre-war Okinawa. Fascinating!
Addendum: The more I've read about the pre-war history of Okinawa, including accounts of Christian missions to Ryukyu, I've come to recognize that Bettelheim, indeed one of the earliest visitors, was perhaps one of the least diplomatic, and one of the most offensive representatives of the Western world to wash ashore. For example, he would violently enter homes against the wishes of those who inhabited the home, literally breaking and entering, foist himself upon the shocked and frightened Okinawan family under the pretense of spreading the Word of God. His behavior got so bad that people would scatter, and word of his approach would spread throughout the village, whereupon parents would gather up their children and fortify their homes.

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The Okinawa Prefectural Museum
Aid for Appreciation
Written in both Japanese and English, this is a terrific guide to the Museum at Shuri.
It takes us from the geological origin of the Ryukyu archepelago right on through the artifacts on display in the museum. There are abundant photographs and captions which, as indicated by its title, allow the reader (as well as the museum visitor) to appreciate and understand the contents on display. I had the good fortune to find this being offered at the eBay auction. In fact, after having been the successful high bidder on this book, the woman who had listed it also let me have the next book for a very reasonable price.

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Gyokusendo-cave, Okinawa
A Pictorial Guide
This is a neat little 22-page book loaded with brilliant color photos and bi-lingual discussion of the caves at Gyokusendo. It covers information from the caves' discovery to areas of interest in proximity to the site.
This appears to be a booklet which would be available at the gift-shop or other commercial/tourist outlet.

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Okinawa - Where is it? (13th Edition)
"Dedicated to everyone who ever got lost on the island...."
Here's an indisputably indispensable guide to touring the islands! Undoubtedly, there is a much newer edition of this wonderful guide available today. I'd have never seen many of the wonders of Okinawa without this book. Between this and "Okinawa by Road" I don't think a person would need any other guide until ready to delve into the truely in-depth aspects of the island culture. Unfortunately, I didn't have enough time on island to mature to that point. *sigh* I always look forward to a time when I will return to Okinawa.
By the way, I steadfastly believe that it's impossible to get lost on Okinawa. Disoriented, maybe. Side-tracked, without a doubt. But Lost? Nah! Just keep driving, pedalling or walking and you'll eventually hit a beach!

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Okinawa by Road
A Traveler's Guide to the Islands - Kume Publishing Co.
I went almost nowhere without this book! In fact, in many of my videos I see that it is reflected in the windshield as I wend my way around the island. It was either on the dash or in my hands at all times while roaming around.
This book has the most detailed maps of roadways and sites of any publication I've found. Highly recommended for anyone who is trekking around on their own.

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Shape of Okinawa (Vol. 2)
photography by Junko Hirai
Eighty-two pages of beautiful color photographs. No English captions or explanations - but who needs it!?
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Festivals of Okinawa (Vol. 3)
photography by Junko Hirai
Ninety pages of striking color photographs of the festivals, as the title says! With this book, I really DO regret that there are no captions and explanations in English. Maybe someone can take this book and translate the Japanese for me? Hmmmm?? *hint, hint*
Since this is "Volume 3" and Shapes of Okinawa is "Volume 2" I then deduce that there is a Volume One of Hirai's photography floating around out there somewhere... Anyone know? Volume 4? Do I hear a 5? I'll pay!
The cover photo is a village scene with all women, dressed in white, carrying large fans and walking a circle around an inner circle of white-clad women. I suspect that this is a religious ceremony involving the noro (priestesses). Alas, I have so much more to learn! *sigh*

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Okinawa - a People and Their Gods
by James C. Robinson
A theological study of unusual (at least to Western world) religious beliefs and practices. This is a complemetary piece to Women of the Sacred Groves and to On the Threshold of the Closed Empire.
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Updated: 2-24-08